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Abstract Regional cooperation in South Asia begined at the end of the World War II. After 1980, South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation and a series of sub-regional organizations gradually make the framework of South Asian regional cooperation. Since the 21st Century, remarkable achievements have been made in the field of free trade, energy cooperation, and subregional cooperation. However, the regional cooperation in South Asia still faces many problems, such as weak executive ability and the lack of cooperation mechanism in security. The geopolitical pattern of South Asia, the deficiency of regionalism, the proliferation of terrorist organizations and the inconsistencies of external strategic focuses among South Asian countries will bring great challenges to the regional cooperation. In the future, a differentiated development may appear in the process of South Asian regional cooperation.
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