As an important part of the dispute settlement mechanism of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the compulsory conciliation system witnesses the compromise of interests competing of various parties at the third conference on the law of the sea. In addition to the compulsory initiation, this system retains advantages of flexibility and controllability of general conciliation, while weaknesses and contradictions still remain. Therefore, once the compulsory conciliation system is applied to related affairs of China, it will give rise to a double-edged impact on China‘s interests. On the whole, seems to be a serious challenge, the compulsory conciliation system actually causes little risk to the engaged parties. As long as it is properly interpreted and handled with a calm attitude, it will not affect China’s interests seriously.