太平洋学报  2020, Vol. 28 Issue (4): 81-91    DOI:
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世界贸易组织改革与多边贸易体系前景
中国国际问题研究院
WTO Reform and Prospects of the Multilateral Trading System
China Institute of International Studies

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摘要 近年来,世界贸易组织(WTO)的贸易谈判、贸易监督及争端解决三大职能陷入困境,单边主义和保护主义不断冲击多边贸易体系,WTO改革亟待进行,以适应日益发展的国际贸易新形势,并顺应国际政治经济权力格局的转变。目前,主要成员已提出多项WTO改革方案,然而各方围绕争端解决机制、“特殊与差别待遇”、规则谈判、透明度等议题的分歧凸显,为WTO改革蒙上阴影。多边贸易体系受到保护主义、区域主义以及美国掣肘的影响,发展前景具有复杂性。中国坚持多边主义和自由贸易,但是推动WTO改革也面临一些挑战,为此,中国在提出WTO改革方案的同时,还需加快国内改革步伐,积极协调各方立场,重振以WTO为核心的多边贸易体系。
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关键词 世界贸易组织改革多边贸易体制争端解决机制特殊与差别待遇    
Abstract:The 3 major functions of the World Trade Organization (WTO) which include trade negotiation, trade supervision, and dispute settlement have been confronted with troubles in recent years. Besides, unilateralism and protectionism continue imposing negative impacts on the multilateral trading system. WTO reform is urgently needed to adapt to the changing international political and economic landscape. At present, major members have proposed several WTO reform plans. However, differences among the members on issues such as dispute settlement mechanism, special and differential treatment, negotiation, and transparency turn out to be prominent, impeding further reform of WTO. The multilateral trading system is affected by protectionism, regionalism, and constraints from the US, which makes its prospects complicated. While adhering to multilateralism and free trade, China faces some challenges in promoting WTO reform. Therefore, when proposing WTO reform plans, China should also accelerate the pace of domestic reform and actively coordinate all parties to revive the multilateral trading system with WTO playing a core role.
Key wordsWTO reform    multilateral trading system    dispute settlement mechanism    special and differential treatment   
    
作者简介: 姜跃春,男,吉林梨树人,中国国际问题研究院世界经济与发展研究所研究员,主要研究方向:世界经济、日本经济;张玉环,女,河北邯郸人,中国国际问题研究院世界经济与发展研究所助理研究员,主要研究方向:中美经贸关系。
引用本文:   
姜跃春 张玉环. 世界贸易组织改革与多边贸易体系前景[J]. 太平洋学报, 2020, 28(4): 81-91. JIANG Yuechun, ZHANG Yuhuan. WTO Reform and Prospects of the Multilateral Trading System. 太平洋学报, 2020, 28(4): 81-91.
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